Can You Take Allergy Medicine While Pregnant?

Yes, you can take certain allergy medicines while pregnant, but not all are safe. The safest options include oral antihistamines like cetirizine (Zyrtec), loratadine (Claritin), and diphenhydramine (Benadryl), as well as corticosteroid nasal sprays such as budesonide and fluticasone. Avoid decongestants like pseudoephedrine, especially in the first trimester, and always consult your healthcare provider before starting any medication. For the next step, read our overview of What Sushi Is Safe to Eat While Pregnant.

Which Allergy Medicines Are Considered Safe During Pregnancy?

Several over-the-counter allergy medications have been studied and are generally considered safe for use during pregnancy. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) states that some OTC allergy medications are safe, including newer antihistamines like cetirizine and loratadine, and a corticosteroid nasal spray. ACOG also notes that first-generation antihistamines like chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine are options, though they may cause drowsiness. You can also explore Safe Cough Drops During Pregnancy: Ingredients to Look For for a closer comparison.

MotherToBaby, a service of the Organization of Teratology Information Specialists, provides detailed guidance. They state that newer antihistamines such as cetirizine, fexofenadine, and loratadine have not been shown to increase the chance of birth defects or other pregnancy complications when used as directed. Older antihistamines like diphenhydramine and chlorpheniramine are also considered acceptable but may cause sedation. MotherToBaby emphasizes reading labels to avoid alcohol-containing products and multi-symptom formulas with unnecessary ingredients. Our breakdown of My Poop Black While Pregnant? Causes and When to Worry covers the related details.

For nasal symptoms, corticosteroid nasal sprays are often recommended. OTC options include budesonide, fluticasone, and triamcinolone. These sprays are not well absorbed into the bloodstream, so exposure to the baby is minimal. MotherToBaby notes that no increased pregnancy risks have been seen specifically with OTC steroid nasal sprays. MotherToBaby For the next step, read our overview of Is It Easier to Get Pregnant After Having a Baby.

Which Allergy Medicines Should Be Avoided or Used with Caution?

Decongestants, particularly oral pseudoephedrine, are a concern. ACOG advises against using pseudoephedrine during the first trimester because it has been linked to a small risk of abdominal wall birth defects. ACOG Mayo Clinic also warns that using pseudoephedrine during the first trimester may be linked with a risk of serious birth defects. Mayo Clinic

MotherToBaby explains that decongestants work by narrowing blood vessels, which could theoretically limit oxygen supply to the placenta. They recommend avoiding decongestants in the first trimester and using them with caution later in pregnancy. Short-term use (3 days or less) of nasal spray decongestants results in less exposure than oral decongestants. MotherToBaby

Allergy shots are generally safe to continue if already receiving them before pregnancy, but starting them or increasing the dose during pregnancy is not recommended due to the small risk of anaphylaxis. MotherToBaby

What Do Studies Say About Antihistamine Safety in Pregnancy?

A review published in the journal Canadian Family Physician examined the safety of antihistamines during pregnancy and lactation. The authors concluded that first-generation antihistamines are considered safe to use during pregnancy, and there are relatively fewer data on the nonsedating second-generation antihistamines, but they are also generally considered safe. PMC2868610

Another review in the Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics noted that none of the antihistamines available today have been categorized as safe during pregnancy by the FDA, but controlled studies are available for certain first-generation drugs. The review suggests that chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine are the preferred first-generation antihistamines, and loratadine and cetirizine are acceptable second-generation options. PMC3356948

It is important to note that no medication is 100% risk-free, but the available evidence supports the use of certain antihistamines when needed. Always discuss with your healthcare provider to weigh the benefits and risks for your specific situation.

Non-Medication Strategies for Managing Allergies During Pregnancy

Before reaching for medication, consider non-drug approaches to reduce allergy symptoms. MotherToBaby suggests using a simple OTC saline nose spray to rinse pollen and dust from your nose. This option is not expected to result in exposure for the pregnancy or increase risks. MotherToBaby

Other strategies include using OTC nasal strips to open nasal passages at night, using pillow covers to reduce dust mites, and sleeping with your head slightly elevated to help drain sinuses. These measures can provide relief without medication. MotherToBaby

If symptoms persist or worsen, consult your healthcare provider. Severe allergies can affect sleep and quality of life, and uncontrolled asthma can be dangerous for both mother and baby.

When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider

Always check with your ob-gyn or healthcare provider before taking any over-the-counter allergy medication, even those considered safe. ACOG Your provider can help you choose the most appropriate medication based on your symptoms, medical history, and stage of pregnancy.

If you experience severe allergic reactions, difficulty breathing, or signs of anaphylaxis (such as swelling of the face or throat, hives, or a drop in blood pressure), seek emergency medical care immediately. These symptoms require urgent attention and are not typical of seasonal allergies.

For personalized advice, you can also contact a MotherToBaby specialist for questions about specific medications during pregnancy. MotherToBaby